Transforms

Transforms move, rotate and mirror geometry that already exists. Each one is a step in the timeline: it takes the solids you name (or the last one built) and places them somewhere else, or adds moved copies.

Transform	Viewport	Code
Translate	code only in part mode (instances in an assembly are dragged with the gizmo)	translate(x, y, z, ...targets)
Rotate	Rotate dialog: Move / Copy, Solids, Axis, Angle	rotate(axis, degrees, ...targets)
Mirror	Mirror dialog: Add / Remove / New, Solids, Plane	mirror(plane, ...targets)

All three take an optional list of targets at the end. Without one they act on the object built last, which keeps the common case short:

extrude(20)
translate(50)          // moves the extrude
rotate("z", 45)        // turns the moved extrude

Patterns — several copies at once — are their own section: Copy and Repeat. Inside a sketch, mirror, copy and rotate have 2D forms that act on sketch geometry: see the sketch tools.

Chaining on primitives

The sketch-free primitives cylinder() and sphere() expose .translate(), .rotate(), .mirror() and .transform() as methods, so a primitive can be placed in one expression:

cylinder(5, 10).translate(20, 0, 0);
sphere(1).translate(5, 0, 0).rotate("z", 90);

Chained calls compose left to right — the first call runs first, each later call is applied on top:

// translate by (5, 0, 0), then rotate 90° around Z → centre ends at (0, 5, 0)
sphere(1).translate(5, 0, 0).rotate("z", 90);

// rotate first (a no-op for a sphere at the origin), then translate → (5, 0, 0)
sphere(1).rotate("z", 90).translate(5, 0, 0);

The method signatures:

transform(matrix: Matrix4): this

translate(x: number): this
translate(x: number, y: number): this
translate(x: number, y: number, z: number): this
translate(offset: PointLike): this

rotate(angle: number): this                   // around world Z through the origin
rotate(axis: AxisLike, angle: number): this   // around any axis

mirror(plane: PlaneLike): this
mirror(axis: AxisLike): this

Every other builder — extrude, cut, fuse, fillet, loft, a loaded STEP file — uses the free functions, which wrap the target and add their own timeline step:

translate(100, extrude(10));

Chained transforms apply to a primitive's finished shape and bypass the history; that is fine for a standalone cylinder but would interact badly with features that take part in fusion, history and interactive picking. Keeping the chain API to primitives avoids those cases.